PHOBIA LIBRARY
Read up on fear, panic and phobia to get a general overview of phobias and trauma and fear management. Learn mindfulness based self care principles and exercises for managing phobias from my books on trauma and self care.
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Fear | Function | Thought | Treatment | Coping
For Help See: Fear in the Brain | Fear Dictionary
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Fear | Function | Thought | Treatment | Coping
For Help See: Fear in the Brain | Fear Dictionary
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PHOBIA LIBRARY
Read up on fear, panic and phobia to get a general overview of phobias and trauma and fear management. Learn mindfulness based self care principles and exercises for managing phobias from my books on trauma and self care.
JUMP TO A CHAPTER
Fear | Function | Thought | Treatment | Coping
For Help See: Fear in the Brain | Fear Dictionary
JUMP TO A CHAPTER
Fear | Function | Thought | Treatment | Coping
For Help See: Fear in the Brain | Fear Dictionary
THE LIBRARY TOPIC HOME PAGES
Introduction to Trauma, Fear and Phobia
Part 1: Defining Fear and the Fear Response
Part 2: Emotional & Cognitive Functions of Fear
Part 3: Maladaptive Thought Processing
Part 4: Professional Therapy & Mindful Self Care
THE PHOBIA COLLECTION DOWNLOADS
Browse Collection of Phobias by Topic
Download Collection of Phobias
Download Dictionary of Fear and Phobia
Download Self Care Guides for Coping
Introduction to Trauma, Fear and Phobia
Part 1: Defining Fear and the Fear Response
Part 2: Emotional & Cognitive Functions of Fear
Part 3: Maladaptive Thought Processing
Part 4: Professional Therapy & Mindful Self Care
THE PHOBIA COLLECTION DOWNLOADS
Browse Collection of Phobias by Topic
Download Collection of Phobias
Download Dictionary of Fear and Phobia
Download Self Care Guides for Coping
PART ONE - FEAR
DEFINING FEAR AND THE FEAR RESPONSE
Articles defining fear, brain structure, fear conditioning, the fear response (fight, flight or freeze), & characteristics of panic & anxiety attacks
DIRECTORY OF FEAR
Characteristics of the Primal Emotion of Fear
Phobia Calls on the Fear Conditioning Process
Identifying the Brain Structures of Fear
Chemical Reactions in the Brain
Fear Triggers the Fight or Flight Response
Can’t Fight or Flight - Then Stop and Freeze
Fear Symptoms That Aggravate Anxiety
What Happens During a Panic Attack
Fear Manipulation of People and the Collective
Characteristics of the Primal Emotion of Fear
Phobia Calls on the Fear Conditioning Process
Identifying the Brain Structures of Fear
Chemical Reactions in the Brain
Fear Triggers the Fight or Flight Response
Can’t Fight or Flight - Then Stop and Freeze
Fear Symptoms That Aggravate Anxiety
What Happens During a Panic Attack
Fear Manipulation of People and the Collective
ALL CONTENT PROVIDED BY MY BOOKS ON MINDFUL SELF CARE FOR TRAUMA AND FEAR
Download for Free Here
Download for Free Here
Download the Glossary of Fear
For help with the terms in this series
Download the Panic and Fear Dictionary of the Brain
FEAR TRIGGERS
THE FIGHT OR FLIGHT RESPONSE
See Also: Can’t Fight or Flight Then Stop and Freeze
The fight-or-flight response (also called hyperarousal, or the acute stress response) is a physiological reaction that occurs in response to a perceived harmful event, attack, or threat to survival.
While the fight-flight-freeze response causes physiological reactions, it’s triggered by a psychological fear. The fear is conditioned, which means you’ve associated a situation or thing with negative experiences. This psychological response is initiated when you’re first exposed to the situation and develops over time. The thing that you’re scared of is called a perceived threat, or something you consider to be dangerous. Perceived threats are different for each person. When you’re faced with a perceived threat, your brain thinks you’re in danger. That’s because it already considers the situation to be life threatening. As a result, your body automatically reacts with the fight-flight-freeze response to keep you safe.
It's one thing to understand the responses you might have when you feel threatened. What can help the most is being able to recognize each type of response. Only then can you find a way to make better choices.
- The fear response choice has a lot to do with your beliefs.
- If you believe you can conquer the danger, your body will jump into fight mode.
- If you believe there's no hope of defeating the attacker, you'll naturally respond by running away.
- When you respond by freezing, it usually indicates you feel you can't win either by fighting or running.
The adrenal medulla secretes catecholamines, notably norepinephrine and epinephrine. The hormones estrogen, testosterone, and cortisol, as well as the neurotransmitters dopamine and serotonin, also affect how people react to stress.
Studies have been shown that patients with trauma have increased circulating levels of norepinephrine and reactivity of adrenergic receptors. These alterations, in addition to increased thyroid hormone levels, explain some of the physical symptoms of the trauma.
AFFECTED NERVOUS SYSTEMS
Autonomic Nervous System
The autonomic nervous system is a control system that acts unconsciously and regulates heart rate, digestion, respiratory rate, pupillary response, urination, and sexual arousal. This system is the primary mechanism in control of the fight-or-flight response and its role is mediated by two different components: the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system.
Sympathetic nervous system
The sympathetic nervous system originates in the spinal cord and its main function is to activate the physiological changes that occur during the fight-or-flight response. This component of the autonomic nervous system utilizes and activates the release of norepinephrine in the reaction.
Parasympathetic Nervous System
The parasympathetic nervous system originates in the spinal cord and medulla, physically surrounding the sympathetic origin, and works together with the sympathetic nervous system. Its main function is to activate the "rest and digest" response and return the body to homeostasis after the fight or flight response. This system utilizes and activates the release of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.
THE CHEMICAL AND BRAIN PROCESS
See also: Fear Structures of the Brain
The reaction begins in the amygdala, which triggers a neural response in the hypothalamus.
The initial reaction is followed by activation of the pituitary gland and secretion of the hormone ACTH.
The adrenal gland is activated almost simultaneously, via the sympathetic nervous system, and releases the hormone epinephrine.
The release of neurotransmitters results in the production of the hormone cortisol, which increases blood pressure, blood sugar, and suppresses the immune system.
The initial response and subsequent reactions are triggered to create a boost of energy. This boost of energy is activated by epinephrine binding to liver cells and the subsequent production of glucose.
The initial reaction is followed by activation of the pituitary gland in the endocrine system and secretion of the hormone ACTH.
The adrenal gland is activated almost simultaneously, via the sympathetic nervous system, and releases the hormone epinephrine.
The release of neurotransmitters results in the production of the hormone cortisol, which increases blood pressure, blood sugar, and suppresses the immune system.
Once in safe mode, meaning that there are no longer any potential threats surrounding them, the amygdala will send this information to the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) where it is stored for similar future situations. This is known as memory consolidation.
Studies have been shown that patients with trauma have increased circulating levels of norepinephrine and reactivity of adrenergic receptors. These alterations, in addition to increased thyroid hormone levels, explain some of the physical symptoms of the trauma.
AFFECTED NERVOUS SYSTEMS
Autonomic Nervous System
The autonomic nervous system is a control system that acts unconsciously and regulates heart rate, digestion, respiratory rate, pupillary response, urination, and sexual arousal. This system is the primary mechanism in control of the fight-or-flight response and its role is mediated by two different components: the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system.
Sympathetic nervous system
The sympathetic nervous system originates in the spinal cord and its main function is to activate the physiological changes that occur during the fight-or-flight response. This component of the autonomic nervous system utilizes and activates the release of norepinephrine in the reaction.
Parasympathetic Nervous System
The parasympathetic nervous system originates in the spinal cord and medulla, physically surrounding the sympathetic origin, and works together with the sympathetic nervous system. Its main function is to activate the "rest and digest" response and return the body to homeostasis after the fight or flight response. This system utilizes and activates the release of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.
THE CHEMICAL AND BRAIN PROCESS
See also: Fear Structures of the Brain
The reaction begins in the amygdala, which triggers a neural response in the hypothalamus.
The initial reaction is followed by activation of the pituitary gland and secretion of the hormone ACTH.
The adrenal gland is activated almost simultaneously, via the sympathetic nervous system, and releases the hormone epinephrine.
The release of neurotransmitters results in the production of the hormone cortisol, which increases blood pressure, blood sugar, and suppresses the immune system.
The initial response and subsequent reactions are triggered to create a boost of energy. This boost of energy is activated by epinephrine binding to liver cells and the subsequent production of glucose.
The initial reaction is followed by activation of the pituitary gland in the endocrine system and secretion of the hormone ACTH.
- Endocrine system is a body system that consists of several different glands and organs that secrete hormones.
- Pituitary Gland is an endocrine organ that secretes several different hormones that regulate the activity of other endocrine organs throughout the body.
- Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
ACTH is an important component of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and is often produced in response to biological stress (along with its precursor corticotropin-releasing hormone from the hypothalamus). This stress is the fight or flight response. Its principal effects are increased production and release of cortisol by the cortex of the adrenal gland. ACTH is also related to the circadian rhythm.
The adrenal gland is activated almost simultaneously, via the sympathetic nervous system, and releases the hormone epinephrine.
- The Adrenal Gland is an endocrine organ that secretes hormones. The inner part called the adrenal medulla secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine to trigger activation of the “fight or flight” response. The outer layer called the adrenal cortex secretes the stress hormone cortisol.
- Epinephrine in the bloodstream acts to increase cardiac output (heart rate, blood pressure), dilate airways, and raise blood glucose levels.Adrenaline/Epinephrine is a catecholamine hormone or neurotransmitter, epinephrine is produced by the adrenal gland and by neurons within the sympathetic nervous system. Epinephrine in the bloodstream acts to increase cardiac output (heart rate, blood pressure), dilate airways, and raise blood glucose levels. Epinephrine is released in the fight or flight response and has an activating effect on the amygdala.
- Norepinephrine is a catecholamine hormone or neurotransmitter. Norepinephrine is produced by three separate structures in the body, the adrenal gland, sympathetic nervous system ganglia, and the locus coeruleus neurons in the brain. Levels of this neurotransmitter are typically lowest during sleep and highest during stress. Norepinephrine acting in the systemic circulation or within the sympathetic nervous system increases heart rate and blood pressure, among other functions. In the brain, norepinephrine neurotransmission increases alertness, speed of action, and vigilance. As a neurotransmitter it is important for alertness associated with the body's fight or flight response. It mobilizes the body and brain to act in danger or stress.
The release of neurotransmitters results in the production of the hormone cortisol, which increases blood pressure, blood sugar, and suppresses the immune system.
- Cortisol plays a major role in the body’s stress response by shutting down unnecessary functions (like the reproductive system and the immune system) to allow the body to direct maximum energy towards defending you from the stress effects. This function of cortisol is supposed to be short-lived, just long enough to handle the offending stressor.
- Adrenocortical hormones are hormones produced by the adrenal cortex, the outer region of the adrenal gland. These steroid hormones have a variety of roles that are crucial for the body’s response to stress, and they also regulate other functions in the body. The inner part called the adrenal medulla is what secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine to trigger activation of the “fight or flight” response. Threats such as injury, chemical imbalances, infection, or psychological stress, can activate stress responses.
Once in safe mode, meaning that there are no longer any potential threats surrounding them, the amygdala will send this information to the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) where it is stored for similar future situations. This is known as memory consolidation.
CORTISOL STRESS HORMONE
Cortisol plays a major role in the body’s stress response by shutting down unnecessary functions (like the reproductive system and the immune system) to allow the body to direct maximum energy towards defending you from the stress effects. This function of cortisol is supposed to be short-lived, just long enough to handle the offending stressor. Long-term stress puts cortisol into overtime to combat it all. Prolonged exposure to the high levels of the hormones can cause some unexpected problems. Chronic exposure to cortisol can shrink the hippocampus: the part of your brain responsible for processing and storing short-term memory. Researchers from the University of New Orleans and Stanford University noticed that subjects with the highest levels of cortisol and PTSD symptoms had the smallest hippocampi. Cognitive dissonance, confusion, and memory distortions are experienced by narcissistic abuse survivors for example. It is due to conditioning by adaptation of the brain to chronic fear and stress
THE PHYSICAL EFFECTS OF ROLE OF CORTISOL
Cortisol is a vital element in our bodies. It is a hormone that converts proteins into usable energy. It balances insulin levels to maintain normal sugar levels, ensures the body’s immune system is working properly, and regulates blood pressure.
Produced in the adrenal cortex, cortisol plays a major role in the body’s stress response by shutting down unnecessary functions (like the reproductive system and the immune system) to allow the body to direct maximum energy towards defending you from the stress effects. This function of cortisol is supposed to be short-lived, just long enough to handle the offending stressor.
Long-term stress puts cortisol into overtime to combat it all. People with trauma generally have abnormal cortisol levels, yet the numbers are inconsistent. Some have too much and some don’t have nearly enough. Prolonged exposure to the high levels of the hormones can cause some unexpected problems.
Cortisol works with adrenaline (epinephrine) to create memories of short-term emotional events; this is the mechanism for storage of “flash bulb” memories, and may be used as a means to remember risks to avoid in the future. However, excessive and long-term exposure to cortisol damages cells in the hippocampus.
Cortisol has a strengthening impact on the consolidation of memories. There is a several-hour processing period that triggers immediately after an event.
The initial response and subsequent reactions are triggered to create a boost of energy. This boost of energy is activated by epinephrine binding to liver cells and the subsequent production of glucose (creating a surge of energy).
The circulation of cortisol functions to turn fatty acids into available energy, which prepares muscles throughout the body for response. Catecholamine hormones, such as adrenaline (epinephrine) or noradrenaline (norepinephrine), facilitate immediate physical reactions associated with a preparation for violent muscular action and cause these symptoms:
The physiological changes that occur during the fight or flight response are activated in order to give the body increased strength and speed in anticipation of fighting or running. Some of the specific physiological changes and their functions include:
EMOTIONAL REGULATION
See Also: Processing Emotions and Feeling the Feelings
Emotional regulation is used proactively to avoid threats of stress or to control the level of emotional arousal. During the reaction, the intensity of emotion that is brought on by the stimulus will also determine the nature and intensity of the behavioral response. People with higher levels of emotional reactivity may be prone to anxiety and aggression, which illustrates the implications of appropriate emotional reaction in the fight or flight response.
The specific components of cognitions in the fight or flight response seem to be negative. These cognitions may be characterized by:
Perceived control relates to a person’s thoughts about control over situations and events. Perceived control should be differentiated from actual control because an individual's beliefs about their abilities may not reflect their actual abilities. Therefore, overestimation or underestimation of perceived control can lead to anxiety and aggression.
See Also: Processing Thoughts
The social information processing model suggests a variety of factors that determine behavior in the context of social situations and preexisting thoughts. The attribution of hostility, especially in ambiguous situations, seems to be one of the most important cognitive factors because of its influence in aggression.
THE THREE BRAIN THEORY
The Triune Brain model, introduced by physician and neuroscientist Paul D. MacLean, explains the brain in three parts:
SURVIVAL MODE
During a traumatic experience, the reptilian brain takes control, shifting the body into reactive mode. It shuts down all non-essential body and mind processes and the brain stem facilitates “survival mode.” During this time the sympathetic nervous system increases stress hormones and prepares the body to fight, flee or freeze.
RESTORATIVE MODE
In a normal situation, when the immediate threat is no longer a risk, the parasympathetic nervous system shifts the body into a restorative mode. This process reduces stress hormones and allows the brain to shift back to the normal. However, for those who have PTSD, an unmitigated experience of anxiety in relation to the past trauma never shifts the brain from reactive mode to responsive mode. Instead, the reptilian brain, which is primed for action in the face of a perceived threat, is supported by the unregulated activity in each of the significant brain structures, and so it holds you in a constant reactive state.
AFTER TRAUMA
The four categories of PTSD symptoms include: intrusive thoughts (unwanted memories); mood changes (shame, blame, persistent negativity); hypervigilance (exaggerated startle response); and avoidance (of all sensory and emotional trauma-related material). These cause symptoms like an unexpected rage or flood of tears, shortness of breath, increased heart rate, shaking, memory loss, concentration issues, insomnia, nightmares and emotional numbing. These feelings can “hijack” your identity and a life.
After trauma your brain goes through biological changes that it wouldn’t have experienced without it.
HEALING CAN HAPPEN
These can be reversed. The amygdala can learn to relax; the hippocampus can resume memory consolidation; the nervous system can restart proper flow between reactive and restorative modes. Healing can come from mindfulness.
Cortisol plays a major role in the body’s stress response by shutting down unnecessary functions (like the reproductive system and the immune system) to allow the body to direct maximum energy towards defending you from the stress effects. This function of cortisol is supposed to be short-lived, just long enough to handle the offending stressor. Long-term stress puts cortisol into overtime to combat it all. Prolonged exposure to the high levels of the hormones can cause some unexpected problems. Chronic exposure to cortisol can shrink the hippocampus: the part of your brain responsible for processing and storing short-term memory. Researchers from the University of New Orleans and Stanford University noticed that subjects with the highest levels of cortisol and PTSD symptoms had the smallest hippocampi. Cognitive dissonance, confusion, and memory distortions are experienced by narcissistic abuse survivors for example. It is due to conditioning by adaptation of the brain to chronic fear and stress
THE PHYSICAL EFFECTS OF ROLE OF CORTISOL
Cortisol is a vital element in our bodies. It is a hormone that converts proteins into usable energy. It balances insulin levels to maintain normal sugar levels, ensures the body’s immune system is working properly, and regulates blood pressure.
Produced in the adrenal cortex, cortisol plays a major role in the body’s stress response by shutting down unnecessary functions (like the reproductive system and the immune system) to allow the body to direct maximum energy towards defending you from the stress effects. This function of cortisol is supposed to be short-lived, just long enough to handle the offending stressor.
Long-term stress puts cortisol into overtime to combat it all. People with trauma generally have abnormal cortisol levels, yet the numbers are inconsistent. Some have too much and some don’t have nearly enough. Prolonged exposure to the high levels of the hormones can cause some unexpected problems.
Cortisol works with adrenaline (epinephrine) to create memories of short-term emotional events; this is the mechanism for storage of “flash bulb” memories, and may be used as a means to remember risks to avoid in the future. However, excessive and long-term exposure to cortisol damages cells in the hippocampus.
Cortisol has a strengthening impact on the consolidation of memories. There is a several-hour processing period that triggers immediately after an event.
The initial response and subsequent reactions are triggered to create a boost of energy. This boost of energy is activated by epinephrine binding to liver cells and the subsequent production of glucose (creating a surge of energy).
The circulation of cortisol functions to turn fatty acids into available energy, which prepares muscles throughout the body for response. Catecholamine hormones, such as adrenaline (epinephrine) or noradrenaline (norepinephrine), facilitate immediate physical reactions associated with a preparation for violent muscular action and cause these symptoms:
- Acceleration of heart and lung action
- Paling or flushing, or alternating between both
- Inhibition of stomach and intestinal slowing or stopping digestion
- Constriction of blood vessels in many parts of the body
- Liberation of metabolic energy sources (particularly fat and glycogen) for muscular action
- Dilation of blood vessels for muscles
- Inhibition of the lacrimal gland (responsible for tear production) and salivation
- Dilation of pupil (known as mydriasis)
- Relaxation of bladder
- Auditory exclusion (loss of hearing)
- Tunnel vision (loss of peripheral vision)
- Disinhibition of spinal reflexes
- Shaking
The physiological changes that occur during the fight or flight response are activated in order to give the body increased strength and speed in anticipation of fighting or running. Some of the specific physiological changes and their functions include:
- Increased blood flow to the muscles activated by diverting blood flow from other parts of the body.
- Increased blood pressure, heart rate, blood sugars, and fats in order to supply the body with extra energy.
- The blood clotting function of the body speeds up in order to prevent excessive blood loss in the event of an injury sustained during the response.
- Increased muscle tension in order to provide the body with extra speed and strength.
EMOTIONAL REGULATION
See Also: Processing Emotions and Feeling the Feelings
Emotional regulation is used proactively to avoid threats of stress or to control the level of emotional arousal. During the reaction, the intensity of emotion that is brought on by the stimulus will also determine the nature and intensity of the behavioral response. People with higher levels of emotional reactivity may be prone to anxiety and aggression, which illustrates the implications of appropriate emotional reaction in the fight or flight response.
The specific components of cognitions in the fight or flight response seem to be negative. These cognitions may be characterized by:
- Attention to negative stimuli
- Perception of ambiguous situations as negative, and the recurrence of recalling negative words.
- Negative thoughts associated with emotions commonly seen in the reaction.
Perceived control relates to a person’s thoughts about control over situations and events. Perceived control should be differentiated from actual control because an individual's beliefs about their abilities may not reflect their actual abilities. Therefore, overestimation or underestimation of perceived control can lead to anxiety and aggression.
See Also: Processing Thoughts
The social information processing model suggests a variety of factors that determine behavior in the context of social situations and preexisting thoughts. The attribution of hostility, especially in ambiguous situations, seems to be one of the most important cognitive factors because of its influence in aggression.
THE THREE BRAIN THEORY
The Triune Brain model, introduced by physician and neuroscientist Paul D. MacLean, explains the brain in three parts:
- Reptilian (brain stem): This innermost part of the brain is responsible for survival instincts and autonomic body processes.
- Mammalian (limbic, midbrain): The midlevel of the brain, this part processes emotions and conveys sensory relays.
- Neommalian (cortex, forebrain): The most highly evolved part of the brain, this area outer controls cognitive processing, decision-making, learning, memory and inhibitory functions.
SURVIVAL MODE
During a traumatic experience, the reptilian brain takes control, shifting the body into reactive mode. It shuts down all non-essential body and mind processes and the brain stem facilitates “survival mode.” During this time the sympathetic nervous system increases stress hormones and prepares the body to fight, flee or freeze.
RESTORATIVE MODE
In a normal situation, when the immediate threat is no longer a risk, the parasympathetic nervous system shifts the body into a restorative mode. This process reduces stress hormones and allows the brain to shift back to the normal. However, for those who have PTSD, an unmitigated experience of anxiety in relation to the past trauma never shifts the brain from reactive mode to responsive mode. Instead, the reptilian brain, which is primed for action in the face of a perceived threat, is supported by the unregulated activity in each of the significant brain structures, and so it holds you in a constant reactive state.
AFTER TRAUMA
The four categories of PTSD symptoms include: intrusive thoughts (unwanted memories); mood changes (shame, blame, persistent negativity); hypervigilance (exaggerated startle response); and avoidance (of all sensory and emotional trauma-related material). These cause symptoms like an unexpected rage or flood of tears, shortness of breath, increased heart rate, shaking, memory loss, concentration issues, insomnia, nightmares and emotional numbing. These feelings can “hijack” your identity and a life.
After trauma your brain goes through biological changes that it wouldn’t have experienced without it.
- You have an overstimulated amygdala: it is responsible for survival-related threat identification and tagging memories with emotion. After trauma the amygdala can get caught up in an infinite loop. It looks for and perceives threat everywhere - even in non threatening situations
- You have an underactive hippocampus: There is an increase in the stress hormone glucocorticoid that kills cells in the hippocampus, thus rendering it less effective in making the synaptic connections necessary for memory consolidation. This interruption keeps both the body and mind in reactive mode as the message that the threat has transformed is never received.
- You have ineffective regulation: The constant elevation of stress hormones interferes with the body’s ability to regulate itself. The sympathetic nervous system remains highly activated which results in extreme effects on your whole body.
HEALING CAN HAPPEN
These can be reversed. The amygdala can learn to relax; the hippocampus can resume memory consolidation; the nervous system can restart proper flow between reactive and restorative modes. Healing can come from mindfulness.
MORE ON FEAR
Characteristics of the Primal Emotion of Fear
Phobia Calls on the Fear Conditioning Process
Identifying the Brain Structures of Fear
Chemical Reactions in the Brain
Fear Triggers the Fight or Flight Response
Can’t Fight or Flight - Then Stop and Freeze
Fear Symptoms That Aggravate Anxiety
What Happens During a Panic Attack
Fear Manipulation of People and the Collective
Characteristics of the Primal Emotion of Fear
Phobia Calls on the Fear Conditioning Process
Identifying the Brain Structures of Fear
Chemical Reactions in the Brain
Fear Triggers the Fight or Flight Response
Can’t Fight or Flight - Then Stop and Freeze
Fear Symptoms That Aggravate Anxiety
What Happens During a Panic Attack
Fear Manipulation of People and the Collective
This content is provided for informational purposes only. Author is not a medical professional. Talk to your doctor to determine what therapy is right for you.
Self care techniques are meant to supplement professional treatment not replace it.
DISCLAIMER OF THE LEARNING LIBRARY
Self care techniques are meant to supplement professional treatment not replace it.
DISCLAIMER OF THE LEARNING LIBRARY
BROWSE PHOBIA COLLECTION
Phobia collection is presented in eight themed parts
VIEW LIST INDEX or JUMP TO A PART
PART [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] [ 8 ]
PHOBIA COLLECTION BY TOPIC
common ~ abstract ~ ordinary ~ bizarre ~ catastrophic ~ psyche ~ icky - academic ~ knowledge ~ education ~ literary ~ art ~ music ~ religion ~ political ~ law ~ order military ~ war ~ discrimination ~ science ~ chemical ~ energy ~ time ~ numbers ~ technology ~ nature ~ environment ~ astronomy ~ weather ~ geography ~ people ~ family ~ community ~ anatomy ~ medical ~ disease ~ emotions ~ senses ~ sensations ~ movement ~ conditions~ love ~ relationships ~ sexuality ~ lifestyle ~ places ~ events ~ objects ~ clothing ~ tools ~ vehicles ~ home ~ cooking ~ food ~ entertainment ~ sports ~ recreation ~ toys ~ games ~ monsters ~ characters ~ spooky ~ nightmares ~ delusional ~ joke ~ fiction
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OTHER PHOBIA AND FEAR DOWNLOADS:
Dictionary of Trauma, Phobia and Fear
Self Care Guides for Fear & Phobias
common ~ abstract ~ ordinary ~ bizarre ~ catastrophic ~ psyche ~ icky - academic ~ knowledge ~ education ~ literary ~ art ~ music ~ religion ~ political ~ law ~ order military ~ war ~ discrimination ~ science ~ chemical ~ energy ~ time ~ numbers ~ technology ~ nature ~ environment ~ astronomy ~ weather ~ geography ~ people ~ family ~ community ~ anatomy ~ medical ~ disease ~ emotions ~ senses ~ sensations ~ movement ~ conditions~ love ~ relationships ~ sexuality ~ lifestyle ~ places ~ events ~ objects ~ clothing ~ tools ~ vehicles ~ home ~ cooking ~ food ~ entertainment ~ sports ~ recreation ~ toys ~ games ~ monsters ~ characters ~ spooky ~ nightmares ~ delusional ~ joke ~ fiction
DOWNLOAD PONDERING THE PHOBIA
Now Available for Download for Offline Reading
All the phobias in one download. Browse by both topic/subject and by alphabetized list
Download/Share: http://bit.ly/ponderingphobia
OTHER PHOBIA AND FEAR DOWNLOADS:
Dictionary of Trauma, Phobia and Fear
Self Care Guides for Fear & Phobias
Phobia articles provided by my self care series Healing the PTSD Mind and my series on mindfulness based self care Be Mindful Be Well. These self directed guides are written from a trauma perspective but the content applies to the symptoms of phobia like fear and panic. Learn and simple self care techniques with mindfulness.
BE MINDFUL. BE WELL. TRY MINDFULNESS.
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Books copyright 2021 by By Kairos
BE MINDFUL. BE WELL. TRY MINDFULNESS.
DOWNLOAD SELF CARE GUIDES FOR FREE
Books copyright 2021 by By Kairos
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A SERIES OF BEAUTIFUL WORDS
Collection of Vocabulary Books, Sites and Resources
Series Homepage | View Sites | Download Books
Words are also posted on twitter under the hashtags #beautifulwords and #wordoftheday and shared visually on pinterest bulletin boards
ABOUT SITE | SITEMAPS | SEARCH | FEEDBACK
Content by Kairos ~ @kairosoflife
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