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PHOBIA LIBRARY
Read up on fear, panic and phobia to get a general overview of phobias and trauma and fear management. Learn mindfulness based self care principles and exercises for managing phobias from my books on trauma and self care.
JUMP TO A CHAPTER
Fear | Function | Thought | Treatment | Coping
For Help See: Fear in the Brain | Fear Dictionary
JUMP TO A CHAPTER
Fear | Function | Thought | Treatment | Coping
For Help See: Fear in the Brain | Fear Dictionary
THE LIBRARY TOPIC HOME PAGES
Introduction to Trauma, Fear and Phobia
Part 1: Defining Fear and the Fear Response
Part 2: Emotional & Cognitive Functions of Fear
Part 3: Maladaptive Thought Processing
Part 4: Professional Therapy & Mindful Self Care
THE PHOBIA COLLECTION DOWNLOADS
Browse Collection of Phobias by Topic
Download Collection of Phobias
Download Dictionary of Fear and Phobia
Download Self Care Guides for Coping
Introduction to Trauma, Fear and Phobia
Part 1: Defining Fear and the Fear Response
Part 2: Emotional & Cognitive Functions of Fear
Part 3: Maladaptive Thought Processing
Part 4: Professional Therapy & Mindful Self Care
THE PHOBIA COLLECTION DOWNLOADS
Browse Collection of Phobias by Topic
Download Collection of Phobias
Download Dictionary of Fear and Phobia
Download Self Care Guides for Coping
PART ONE - FEAR
DEFINING FEAR AND THE FEAR RESPONSE
Articles defining fear, brain structure, fear conditioning, the fear response (fight, flight or freeze), & characteristics of panic & anxiety attacks
DIRECTORY OF FEAR
Characteristics of the Primal Emotion of Fear
Phobia Calls on the Fear Conditioning Process
Identifying the Brain Structures of Fear
Chemical Reactions in the Brain
Fear Triggers the Fight or Flight Response
Can’t Fight or Flight - Then Stop and Freeze
Fear Symptoms That Aggravate Anxiety
What Happens During a Panic Attack
Fear Manipulation of People and the Collective
Characteristics of the Primal Emotion of Fear
Phobia Calls on the Fear Conditioning Process
Identifying the Brain Structures of Fear
Chemical Reactions in the Brain
Fear Triggers the Fight or Flight Response
Can’t Fight or Flight - Then Stop and Freeze
Fear Symptoms That Aggravate Anxiety
What Happens During a Panic Attack
Fear Manipulation of People and the Collective
ALL CONTENT PROVIDED BY MY BOOKS ON MINDFUL SELF CARE FOR TRAUMA AND FEAR
Download for Free Here
Download for Free Here
Download the Glossary of Fear
For help with the terms in this series
Download the Panic and Fear Dictionary of the Brain
IDENTIFYING
Key Brain Structures of Fear
Traumatic events can affect the functions of the amygdala, hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. In addition, neurobiological systems that regulate stress responses have identified certain endocrine and neurotransmitter pathways as affected contributors. The network of brain regions known to regulate fear behavior at both conscious and unconscious levels are clearly impacted. Because of these effects’ sufferers experience struggles that include hyper vigilance, intrusive thoughts, distorted & traumatic memories (including nightmares), speech and language issues, malfunctioning executive functions and a significant effect on emotional regulation.
See Also: Chemical Reactions in the Brain
MERRY BAND OF TROUBLEMAKERS
The limbic system is located deep in the brain and it is composed of several small structures that line the edge of the cortex including the hippocampus, amygdala, thalamus, and hypothalamus. This system supports a variety of functions including emotion, behavior, motivation, long-term memory, and olfaction. These limbic structures comprise the neural basis of emotion and are critical to the formation of memories.
The 3 areas of the limbic system affected by fear and phobia are the Amygdala, Hippocampus and Prefrontal Cortex.
PLAYER #1 THE AMYGDALA
The amygdala is a structure in the area of this system called the forebrain. It has been shown in research to perform a primary role in the processing of memory, decision-making and emotional responses like fear, anxiety, and aggression.
Studies show that the right amygdala induces negative emotions, notably fear and sadness. The left amygdala induces either pleasant (happiness) or unpleasant (fear, anxiety, sadness) emotions. In addition, studies have shown that the left amygdala plays a role in the brain's reward system. Each side performs a specific function in how we perceive and process emotion. The right and left sides of the amygdala have independent memory systems, but they work collectively to store, encode, and interpret emotion.
The right hemisphere is associated with negative emotion. It is critical to the expression of fear and in the processing of fear-inducing stimuli.
Fear conditioning, which is a process that occurs when a neutral stimulus acquires aversive properties, takes place within the right hemisphere. When an individual is presented with a conditioned, aversive stimulus, it is processed by the right amygdala and produces an unpleasant or fearful response. The fight or flight response is a key response to a triggered stimulus and it is essential to the processing of fear in the amygdala. This emotional response conditions the individual to avoid fear-inducing stimuli and more importantly, to assess threats in the environment.
See Also:
Role of Memory and the Role of Emotions
How Emotions Differ From Feelings
The right hemisphere is also linked to declarative memory, which consists of facts and information from past experiences and must be consciously recalled. It is also significant to the retention of episodic memory which consists of the autobiographical aspects of memory and is responsible for permitting recall of emotional and sensory experiences of an event. This type of memory does not require conscious recall. The right amygdala plays a role in the association of time and places that have emotional properties.
Damage to the Amygdala
The amygdala is known as the emotional seat of the brain and helps determine whether or not a threat is approaching and if so, it sends out a danger signal that triggers the fight-or-flight response.
There is increased activity in the amygdala in trauma. This area that helps process emotions and is responsible for fear responses goes into overdrive due to its increase in physical size. This causes sleep disturbances and the inability for one to let their “guard down.” The amygdala stores the sights, sounds and smells associated with the event. If one of these stimuli is encountered the amygdala will trigger a danger signal and prepare the body.
When one has experienced trauma, the amygdala remains in hyper alert mode and triggers the fight or flight response to any event including non-threatening stimuli. With trauma , the brain gets caught up in an activated, hyper vigilant loop that looks for and perceives threats everywhere. The hyperactive amygdala is in constant communication with the hippocampus.
The amygdala uses the hippocampus to query situations from the past for answers to questions like:
If this region of the brain is hyperactive and is connecting with the altered hippocampus then the brain will distort the view of a situation.
PLAYER #2 THE HIPPOCAMPUS
The hippocampus is a seahorse-shaped structure in the limbic system and it surrounds the brain stem. There is a hippocampi in each side of the brain and they play important roles in the consolidation of information from short-term memory to long-term memory, and in spatial memory which enables navigation. The form of neural plasticity known as long-term potentiation (LTP) was initially discovered to occur in the hippocampus. LTP is one of the main neural mechanisms by which memories are stored in the brain.
There is universal agreement that the hippocampi play an important role in memory; however, the precise nature of this role remains widely debated. There are indicators that have isolated two areas that affect memory and emotion. The dorsal hippocampus is the part that affects spatial memory, verbal memory, and learning of conceptual information. The ventral hippocampus functions in fear conditioning and affective processes. It has been shown that the ventral hippocampus reduces the amount of information sent to the amygdala which consequently affects fear conditioning.
Studies indicate that hippocampal damage tends to cause a hyperactive response. In addition, damage also proves to cause difficulty in learning to inhibit responses that have been previously taught. This has led scientists to suggest that damage to the hippocampus induces anxiety responses from the fear center.
Trauma Affecting the Hippocampus
The hippocampus shrinks in size in response to traumatic events. Brain scans show that a smaller hippocampus in those affected by fear and PTSD and the loss of volume may be due to the processes that impair memory. Normally, the hippocampus connects and organizes many different parts of memory. It is responsible for locating the memory of an event in its proper time, place and context. With PTSD, this memory is fragmented, and the hippocampus has difficulty piecing it together coherently. This distorts the memory and causes impaired discrimination between past and present while interfering with the cohesive integration of experience, feelings and factual knowledge. This distressing component results in flashbacks and distorted memories and intrusive thoughts including suicidal ideation. Therefore, triggered memories provoke the amygdala into maintaining its hyper-activity and leads to hyper vigilance and a fight or flight response that essentially gets stuck in a loop that doesn’t shut down.
This damage can cause the loss of the ability to discriminate between past and present experiences and this results in flashbacks. Also, the recording of new memories and retrieval of older memories in response to specific and relevant environmental stimuli can become distorted. The damaged hippocampus further interferes with how we experience certain fear based emotions like panic and anger, how we process our motivating factors, and as previously indicated, it distorts memories.
Many people with trauma experience memory-related difficulties. They may have difficulty recalling certain parts of their traumatic event or distorts the recall. These distortions cause some of the traumatic memories to become vivid and always present.
People also have problems overcoming their fear response to distressing or intrusive thoughts. Due to the hippocampus' role in memory and emotional experience, it is evident that some serious symptoms of PTSD are caused by that damage originating from the events that damage the hippocampus. Because it is responsible for the ability to store and retrieve memories, damage to the structure contributes to difficulties storing and recalling information from long-term memory.
When a memory is built or retrieved, the hippocampus combines elements of that memory from all the sensory areas. This contributes power to triggers like sight, sound and especially smell. Short-term memories stored in the hippocampus are no longer conscious memories; the hippocampus processes them into other parts of the brain and essentially converts them to long term memory.
The hippocampus cannot minimize the interference of memories. For example, a sexual assault victim may be terrified of parking lots because she was raped in a similar place. These triggers lead to debilitating fear. Also a war veteran may be unable to watch violent movies because they remind him of war and the images and sounds stimulate the fight or flight response in the amygdala and trigger intense emotional responses like anger and rage. It also contributes to the paranoia of hyper vigilance which puts him on alert for danger.
Some studies show that constant stress may even further damage the hippocampus. We see this in cases of Complex PTSD (C-PTSD) which is a result of prolonged or repeat trauma like cases of long-term domestic abuse. When we experience stress, the body releases a hormone called cortisol, which mobilizes the body to respond to a stressful event. Some studies show that high levels of cortisol may damage or destroy cells in the hippocampus leading to further loss of volume. Research suggests that a smaller hippocampus could mean that a person is vulnerable to developing a severe case of PTSD or in the case of recurrent trauma, C-PTSD. People born with a smaller hippocampus could, in the event of a traumatic experience, have interference in their ability to recover from it. This puts them at risk for developing PTSD after the event.
PLAYER #3 PREFRONTAL CORTEX (PFC)
third area of the brain affected by trauma is the frontal lobe and specifically, is the prefrontal cortex (PFC). This region covers the frontal lobe and is involved in the brain’s higher-level functions such as planning, decision-making, working memory, and inhibitory control. It is key in regulating behaviors, impulses, emotions, and fear responses. In PTSD, the PFC is notably less active and less capable of overriding the hippocampus as it flashes fragments of memory and then has difficulties sending the signal to the amygdala that the perceived danger is not real.
The PFC has been implicated in planning complex cognitive behavior, expression of personality, decision making, moderating social behavior, and other certain aspects of speech and language. The basic activity of this brain region is considered to be an orchestrated effort in the processing of thoughts and actions in accordance with goals.
High level functions of the PFC are called executive functions. Executive functions contribute tooto the differentiation among conflicting thoughts. It further affects the determination of what constitutes “good and bad”, “better and best”, and “same and different.” Finally, it is responsible for determining future consequences of current activities, working towards a defined goal, prediction of outcome, expectation based on action, and social "control" or the ability to suppress urges that could result in socially unacceptable outcomes.
Trouble With the Prefrontal Cortex
The prefrontal cortex decreases in size after trauma. This distorts the regulation of negative emotions and interferes with function when confronted with specific stimuli. It can’t regulate itself or function properly after trauma. Executive functions are adversely affected and can result in the inability to process thoughts properly. This contributes to inappropriate social responses like inappropriate outbursts of anger and the inability to apply consequences to actions, thus leading to maladaptive behavior. This puts a person at risk of physical injury or death or they may face legal consequences like arrest and jail time for the actions taken during an unregulated emotional response. Due to the reduced size of the PFC the ability to regulate intense emotions is compromised and that causes fear, anxiety, and extreme stress responses that are triggered by events that are only remotely connected or completely unrelated to the original trauma.
PTSD results from physical damage to all three of these limbic structures and that damage contributes to compromised functions in memory, thought processing, and regulation of emotional responses. However, there are other neural affected functions that are compromised by trauma and those are the endocrine system based hormones and neurotransmitters that when triggered, release chemicals that communicate messages between cells and perform essential tasks within the brain.
The amygdala is a structure in the area of this system called the forebrain. It has been shown in research to perform a primary role in the processing of memory, decision-making and emotional responses like fear, anxiety, and aggression.
Studies show that the right amygdala induces negative emotions, notably fear and sadness. The left amygdala induces either pleasant (happiness) or unpleasant (fear, anxiety, sadness) emotions. In addition, studies have shown that the left amygdala plays a role in the brain's reward system. Each side performs a specific function in how we perceive and process emotion. The right and left sides of the amygdala have independent memory systems, but they work collectively to store, encode, and interpret emotion.
The right hemisphere is associated with negative emotion. It is critical to the expression of fear and in the processing of fear-inducing stimuli.
Fear conditioning, which is a process that occurs when a neutral stimulus acquires aversive properties, takes place within the right hemisphere. When an individual is presented with a conditioned, aversive stimulus, it is processed by the right amygdala and produces an unpleasant or fearful response. The fight or flight response is a key response to a triggered stimulus and it is essential to the processing of fear in the amygdala. This emotional response conditions the individual to avoid fear-inducing stimuli and more importantly, to assess threats in the environment.
See Also:
Role of Memory and the Role of Emotions
How Emotions Differ From Feelings
The right hemisphere is also linked to declarative memory, which consists of facts and information from past experiences and must be consciously recalled. It is also significant to the retention of episodic memory which consists of the autobiographical aspects of memory and is responsible for permitting recall of emotional and sensory experiences of an event. This type of memory does not require conscious recall. The right amygdala plays a role in the association of time and places that have emotional properties.
Damage to the Amygdala
The amygdala is known as the emotional seat of the brain and helps determine whether or not a threat is approaching and if so, it sends out a danger signal that triggers the fight-or-flight response.
There is increased activity in the amygdala in trauma. This area that helps process emotions and is responsible for fear responses goes into overdrive due to its increase in physical size. This causes sleep disturbances and the inability for one to let their “guard down.” The amygdala stores the sights, sounds and smells associated with the event. If one of these stimuli is encountered the amygdala will trigger a danger signal and prepare the body.
When one has experienced trauma, the amygdala remains in hyper alert mode and triggers the fight or flight response to any event including non-threatening stimuli. With trauma , the brain gets caught up in an activated, hyper vigilant loop that looks for and perceives threats everywhere. The hyperactive amygdala is in constant communication with the hippocampus.
The amygdala uses the hippocampus to query situations from the past for answers to questions like:
- Is this safe?
- Do I like this?
- Do I need to start a stress response and trigger hormones?
If this region of the brain is hyperactive and is connecting with the altered hippocampus then the brain will distort the view of a situation.
PLAYER #2 THE HIPPOCAMPUS
The hippocampus is a seahorse-shaped structure in the limbic system and it surrounds the brain stem. There is a hippocampi in each side of the brain and they play important roles in the consolidation of information from short-term memory to long-term memory, and in spatial memory which enables navigation. The form of neural plasticity known as long-term potentiation (LTP) was initially discovered to occur in the hippocampus. LTP is one of the main neural mechanisms by which memories are stored in the brain.
There is universal agreement that the hippocampi play an important role in memory; however, the precise nature of this role remains widely debated. There are indicators that have isolated two areas that affect memory and emotion. The dorsal hippocampus is the part that affects spatial memory, verbal memory, and learning of conceptual information. The ventral hippocampus functions in fear conditioning and affective processes. It has been shown that the ventral hippocampus reduces the amount of information sent to the amygdala which consequently affects fear conditioning.
Studies indicate that hippocampal damage tends to cause a hyperactive response. In addition, damage also proves to cause difficulty in learning to inhibit responses that have been previously taught. This has led scientists to suggest that damage to the hippocampus induces anxiety responses from the fear center.
Trauma Affecting the Hippocampus
The hippocampus shrinks in size in response to traumatic events. Brain scans show that a smaller hippocampus in those affected by fear and PTSD and the loss of volume may be due to the processes that impair memory. Normally, the hippocampus connects and organizes many different parts of memory. It is responsible for locating the memory of an event in its proper time, place and context. With PTSD, this memory is fragmented, and the hippocampus has difficulty piecing it together coherently. This distorts the memory and causes impaired discrimination between past and present while interfering with the cohesive integration of experience, feelings and factual knowledge. This distressing component results in flashbacks and distorted memories and intrusive thoughts including suicidal ideation. Therefore, triggered memories provoke the amygdala into maintaining its hyper-activity and leads to hyper vigilance and a fight or flight response that essentially gets stuck in a loop that doesn’t shut down.
This damage can cause the loss of the ability to discriminate between past and present experiences and this results in flashbacks. Also, the recording of new memories and retrieval of older memories in response to specific and relevant environmental stimuli can become distorted. The damaged hippocampus further interferes with how we experience certain fear based emotions like panic and anger, how we process our motivating factors, and as previously indicated, it distorts memories.
Many people with trauma experience memory-related difficulties. They may have difficulty recalling certain parts of their traumatic event or distorts the recall. These distortions cause some of the traumatic memories to become vivid and always present.
People also have problems overcoming their fear response to distressing or intrusive thoughts. Due to the hippocampus' role in memory and emotional experience, it is evident that some serious symptoms of PTSD are caused by that damage originating from the events that damage the hippocampus. Because it is responsible for the ability to store and retrieve memories, damage to the structure contributes to difficulties storing and recalling information from long-term memory.
When a memory is built or retrieved, the hippocampus combines elements of that memory from all the sensory areas. This contributes power to triggers like sight, sound and especially smell. Short-term memories stored in the hippocampus are no longer conscious memories; the hippocampus processes them into other parts of the brain and essentially converts them to long term memory.
The hippocampus cannot minimize the interference of memories. For example, a sexual assault victim may be terrified of parking lots because she was raped in a similar place. These triggers lead to debilitating fear. Also a war veteran may be unable to watch violent movies because they remind him of war and the images and sounds stimulate the fight or flight response in the amygdala and trigger intense emotional responses like anger and rage. It also contributes to the paranoia of hyper vigilance which puts him on alert for danger.
Some studies show that constant stress may even further damage the hippocampus. We see this in cases of Complex PTSD (C-PTSD) which is a result of prolonged or repeat trauma like cases of long-term domestic abuse. When we experience stress, the body releases a hormone called cortisol, which mobilizes the body to respond to a stressful event. Some studies show that high levels of cortisol may damage or destroy cells in the hippocampus leading to further loss of volume. Research suggests that a smaller hippocampus could mean that a person is vulnerable to developing a severe case of PTSD or in the case of recurrent trauma, C-PTSD. People born with a smaller hippocampus could, in the event of a traumatic experience, have interference in their ability to recover from it. This puts them at risk for developing PTSD after the event.
PLAYER #3 PREFRONTAL CORTEX (PFC)
third area of the brain affected by trauma is the frontal lobe and specifically, is the prefrontal cortex (PFC). This region covers the frontal lobe and is involved in the brain’s higher-level functions such as planning, decision-making, working memory, and inhibitory control. It is key in regulating behaviors, impulses, emotions, and fear responses. In PTSD, the PFC is notably less active and less capable of overriding the hippocampus as it flashes fragments of memory and then has difficulties sending the signal to the amygdala that the perceived danger is not real.
The PFC has been implicated in planning complex cognitive behavior, expression of personality, decision making, moderating social behavior, and other certain aspects of speech and language. The basic activity of this brain region is considered to be an orchestrated effort in the processing of thoughts and actions in accordance with goals.
High level functions of the PFC are called executive functions. Executive functions contribute tooto the differentiation among conflicting thoughts. It further affects the determination of what constitutes “good and bad”, “better and best”, and “same and different.” Finally, it is responsible for determining future consequences of current activities, working towards a defined goal, prediction of outcome, expectation based on action, and social "control" or the ability to suppress urges that could result in socially unacceptable outcomes.
Trouble With the Prefrontal Cortex
The prefrontal cortex decreases in size after trauma. This distorts the regulation of negative emotions and interferes with function when confronted with specific stimuli. It can’t regulate itself or function properly after trauma. Executive functions are adversely affected and can result in the inability to process thoughts properly. This contributes to inappropriate social responses like inappropriate outbursts of anger and the inability to apply consequences to actions, thus leading to maladaptive behavior. This puts a person at risk of physical injury or death or they may face legal consequences like arrest and jail time for the actions taken during an unregulated emotional response. Due to the reduced size of the PFC the ability to regulate intense emotions is compromised and that causes fear, anxiety, and extreme stress responses that are triggered by events that are only remotely connected or completely unrelated to the original trauma.
PTSD results from physical damage to all three of these limbic structures and that damage contributes to compromised functions in memory, thought processing, and regulation of emotional responses. However, there are other neural affected functions that are compromised by trauma and those are the endocrine system based hormones and neurotransmitters that when triggered, release chemicals that communicate messages between cells and perform essential tasks within the brain.
MORE ON FEAR
Characteristics of the Primal Emotion of Fear
Phobia Calls on the Fear Conditioning Process
Identifying the Brain Structures of Fear
Chemical Reactions in the Brain
Fear Triggers the Fight or Flight Response
Can’t Fight or Flight - Then Stop and Freeze
Fear Symptoms That Aggravate Anxiety
What Happens During a Panic Attack
Fear Manipulation of People and the Collective
Characteristics of the Primal Emotion of Fear
Phobia Calls on the Fear Conditioning Process
Identifying the Brain Structures of Fear
Chemical Reactions in the Brain
Fear Triggers the Fight or Flight Response
Can’t Fight or Flight - Then Stop and Freeze
Fear Symptoms That Aggravate Anxiety
What Happens During a Panic Attack
Fear Manipulation of People and the Collective
This content is provided for informational purposes only. Author is not a medical professional. Talk to your doctor to determine what therapy is right for you.
Self care techniques are meant to supplement professional treatment not replace it.
DISCLAIMER OF THE LEARNING LIBRARY
Self care techniques are meant to supplement professional treatment not replace it.
DISCLAIMER OF THE LEARNING LIBRARY
BROWSE PHOBIA COLLECTION
Phobia collection is presented in eight themed parts
VIEW LIST INDEX or JUMP TO A PART
PART [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] [ 8 ]
PHOBIA COLLECTION BY TOPIC
common ~ abstract ~ ordinary ~ bizarre ~ catastrophic ~ psyche ~ icky - academic ~ knowledge ~ education ~ literary ~ art ~ music ~ religion ~ political ~ law ~ order military ~ war ~ discrimination ~ science ~ chemical ~ energy ~ time ~ numbers ~ technology ~ nature ~ environment ~ astronomy ~ weather ~ geography ~ people ~ family ~ community ~ anatomy ~ medical ~ disease ~ emotions ~ senses ~ sensations ~ movement ~ conditions~ love ~ relationships ~ sexuality ~ lifestyle ~ places ~ events ~ objects ~ clothing ~ tools ~ vehicles ~ home ~ cooking ~ food ~ entertainment ~ sports ~ recreation ~ toys ~ games ~ monsters ~ characters ~ spooky ~ nightmares ~ delusional ~ joke ~ fiction
DOWNLOAD PONDERING THE PHOBIA
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All the phobias in one download. Browse by both topic/subject and by alphabetized list
Download/Share: http://bit.ly/ponderingphobia
OTHER PHOBIA AND FEAR DOWNLOADS:
Dictionary of Trauma, Phobia and Fear
Self Care Guides for Fear & Phobias
common ~ abstract ~ ordinary ~ bizarre ~ catastrophic ~ psyche ~ icky - academic ~ knowledge ~ education ~ literary ~ art ~ music ~ religion ~ political ~ law ~ order military ~ war ~ discrimination ~ science ~ chemical ~ energy ~ time ~ numbers ~ technology ~ nature ~ environment ~ astronomy ~ weather ~ geography ~ people ~ family ~ community ~ anatomy ~ medical ~ disease ~ emotions ~ senses ~ sensations ~ movement ~ conditions~ love ~ relationships ~ sexuality ~ lifestyle ~ places ~ events ~ objects ~ clothing ~ tools ~ vehicles ~ home ~ cooking ~ food ~ entertainment ~ sports ~ recreation ~ toys ~ games ~ monsters ~ characters ~ spooky ~ nightmares ~ delusional ~ joke ~ fiction
DOWNLOAD PONDERING THE PHOBIA
Now Available for Download for Offline Reading
All the phobias in one download. Browse by both topic/subject and by alphabetized list
Download/Share: http://bit.ly/ponderingphobia
OTHER PHOBIA AND FEAR DOWNLOADS:
Dictionary of Trauma, Phobia and Fear
Self Care Guides for Fear & Phobias
Phobia articles provided by my self care series Healing the PTSD Mind and my series on mindfulness based self care Be Mindful Be Well. These self directed guides are written from a trauma perspective but the content applies to the symptoms of phobia like fear and panic. Learn and simple self care techniques with mindfulness.
BE MINDFUL. BE WELL. TRY MINDFULNESS.
DOWNLOAD SELF CARE GUIDES FOR FREE
Books copyright 2021 by By Kairos
BE MINDFUL. BE WELL. TRY MINDFULNESS.
DOWNLOAD SELF CARE GUIDES FOR FREE
Books copyright 2021 by By Kairos
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Words are also posted on twitter under the hashtags #beautifulwords and #wordoftheday and shared visually on pinterest bulletin boards
ABOUT SITE | SITEMAPS | SEARCH | FEEDBACK
Content by Kairos ~ @kairosoflife
Homepage | Portfolio | Contact
Original content © 2021 Copyright, Kairos
